aws interview questions and answers 2024

By | 6 months ago

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Here's a list of 30 important AWS interview questions and answers focusing on EC2, RDS, and S3, which can help you prepare for your interview:

Amazon EC2

  1. **What is Amazon EC2?**

    Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers.

  2. **What are the types of instances available in EC2?**

    EC2 offers various instance types optimized for different purposes, such as general purpose, compute optimized, memory optimized, storage optimized, and accelerated computing.

  3. **How do you secure your EC2 instances?**

    Security for EC2 instances can be managed through security groups, which act as virtual firewalls to control inbound and outbound traffic, and through key pairs for SSH authentication.

  4. **Explain Elastic IP addresses.**

    Elastic IP addresses are static IPv4 addresses designed for dynamic cloud computing. They allow you to mask the failure of an instance or software by rapidly remapping the address to another instance in your account.

  5. **What are the main differences between stopping and terminating an EC2 instance?**

    Stopping an instance pauses it and retains all configurations and storage, allowing you to resume it later. Terminating an instance deletes it and its attached EBS volumes, preventing any further usage.

  6. **What is an AMI?**

    An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) provides the information required to launch an instance, which includes the operating system, application server, and applications.

  7. **How can you improve the performance of your EC2 instance?**

    Performance can be improved by choosing the right instance type, optimizing your applications, using Elastic Load Balancing, and utilizing Amazon CloudWatch for monitoring and scaling based on demand.

Amazon RDS

  1. **What is Amazon RDS?**

    Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) makes it easier to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity.

  2. **What database engines does RDS support?**

    RDS supports several major database engines like Amazon Aurora, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle Database, and SQL Server.

  3. **How do you back up your RDS instance?**

    RDS provides automated backups which you can set up to occur during a specified backup window, and also allows for manual snapshots.

  4. **What is a Multi-AZ RDS deployment?**

    Multi-AZ (Availability Zone) RDS deployments provide enhanced availability and durability for RDS instances, making them fault-tolerant by synchronously replicating data to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone.

  5. **How does RDS integrate with other AWS services?**

    RDS integrates with services like AWS Lambda for database triggers, AWS CloudTrail for auditing, and Amazon ElastiCache for caching query results.

  6. **Explain the process of scaling an RDS instance.**

    You can scale an RDS instance vertically by changing the instance type, and horizontally by using read replicas to distribute the read load.

Amazon S3

  1. **What is Amazon S3?**

    Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) is an object storage service offering scalability, data availability, security, and performance.

  2. **What types of storage classes does S3 offer?**

    S3 offers several storage classes like S3 Standard, S3 Intelligent-Tiering, S3 Standard-IA (Infrequent Access), S3 One Zone-IA, and S3 Glacier for long-term archiving.

  3. **How do you secure data in S3?**

    Data security in S3 can be managed using bucket policies, ACLs (Access Control Lists), and SSE (Server-Side Encryption).

  4. **What is the difference between S3 and EBS?**

    S3 is object storage suitable for storing a wide range of data and accessing it from anywhere, while EBS is block storage connected to EC2 instances for their persistent storage.

  5. **How does S3 handle data consistency?**

    S3 provides strong read-after-write consistency for PUT and DELETE operations of objects.

  6. **Explain S3 lifecycle policies.**

    S3 lifecycle policies allow you to automate moving your objects between different storage classes and managing object expiration.

  7. **How can you optimize costs in S3?**

    You can optimize costs by using the appropriate storage class, cleaning up unused data, and utilizing S3 lifecycle policies to archive or delete old data.

Mixed Questions

  1. **What is a VPC?**

    Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) lets you provision a logically isolated section of the AWS cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a virtual network that you define.

  2. **How can you monitor your AWS environments?**

    AWS CloudWatch is the primary tool for monitoring AWS resources and applications. It provides metrics for every part of the AWS

service.

  1. **What is IAM and why is it important?**

    AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) helps you securely control access to AWS services and resources for your users. It is crucial for managing permissions and ensuring that only authorized users and processes can access your resources.

  2. **Explain the concept of an Elastic Load Balancer.**

    An Elastic Load Balancer automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets, such as EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses, to increase the fault tolerance of your applications.

  3. **How do you automate deployments in AWS?**

    AWS provides several tools for automation, including AWS CodeDeploy, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, and AWS CloudFormation.

  4. **What is AWS Lambda?**

    AWS Lambda lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. You pay only for the compute time you consume.

  5. **How would you manage disaster recovery in AWS?**

    You can manage disaster recovery by using AWS services like S3 for backup, RDS Multi-AZ deployments for databases, and Amazon Route 53 for DNS failover strategies.

  6. **What are AWS security best practices?**

    Some best practices include using multi-factor authentication, employing least privilege access, securing your data both in transit and at rest, and regularly auditing your environment with AWS Trusted Advisor.

  7. **How can you transfer large amounts of data to AWS?**

    AWS offers services like AWS Snowball and AWS Direct Connect to facilitate large-scale data transfers into and out of AWS.

  8. **What are AWS Regions and Availability Zones?**

    AWS Regions are separate geographic areas that host multiple isolated locations known as Availability Zones. These zones are designed to provide high availability to your applications.

These questions cover a broad spectrum of essential topics in EC2, RDS, and S3 and should help you prepare well for your AWS interview.